Kazakhstan
| National policy | |
|---|---|
| National policy/strategy or official recommendations on HIV testing? | Yes |
| Who can administer HIV tests? | |
| Restrictions on who can legally administer HIV tests? | Yes |
| Which groups can legally do HIV testing? |
|
| Further comments | |
| Free HIV testing | |
| HIV testing free to all who want it? | Yes in certain places |
| Further comments | only for citizens of Kazachstan |
| Is free HIV testing available? | Across whole country |
| Further comments | |
| HIV testing restrictions | |
| HIV testing access restricted for some groups/populations? | Yes |
| Which groups are restricted |
|
| Further comments | |
| Availability of testing in non-clinical settings | |
| Is testing available in any of the following ways? | |
| Postal HIV sampling legal? | No |
| Home HIV testing legal? | Don't know |
| Community testing at NGOs legal? | No |
| Community/outreach event testing legal? | No |
| Other | |
| Rapid tests used by community based testing services/initiatives? | Finger blood |
| Anonymity/Confidentiality of HIV testing | |
| Anonymous testing available? | Yes |
| If yes, please give details | Blood for HIV test can be sent anonymously |
| If not, why not, what sort of information is required and is there any promise of confidentiality? | |
| Discrimination & equality | |
| Legislation | |
| Legislation protecting the rights of people with HIV? | Yes |
| Further comments | |
| Other key populations | |
| Needle exchange available for people who inject drugs? | Yes |
| Further comments | Outreach workers distribute condoms and syringes. Not available in prisons. Availability of needle exchange is also confirmed by information available on https://www.hri.global/global-state-of-harm-reduction |
| Opiate substitution therapy available? | Yes |
| Further comments | 10 OST sites available and in prison facilities. |
| Are PWID (people who inject drugs) excluded from HIV treatment while actively using drugs? | No |
| Further comments | We had a problem when doctors refused treatments, but this problem was resolved. |
| Legal to sell sex? | No |
| Further comments | |
| Legal to buy sex? | No |
| Further comments | Offences surrounding sex work are criminalized in Kazakhstan, including: drawing people into prostitution, organizing |
| Access to HIV Treatment | |
| Free access to HIV treatment? | Yes, for some |
| Further comments | for all citizens of Kazakhstan |
| Status and access to HIV treatment and care in your country | |
| Access to HIV treatment restricted for certain populations with HIV? | Yes |
| Which groups are restricted? |
|
| If more than one of the above populations selected, please give more information | |
| Status | |
| Country status | Non-EU / Non EFTA |
| Mobility in Europe | |
| Do the following groups/populations have legal access to HIV treatment? (i.e provided on the same basis as citizens of the country) | |
| Legal treatment access: Other EU migrant nationals | N/A |
| If yes but exceptions, please describe | |
| Legal treatment access: general non-EU migrants | Yes but there are exceptions |
| If yes but exceptions, please describe | Only ethnic Kazakhs |
| Legal treatment access: Non-EU migrants with asylum/refugee status | No |
| If yes but exceptions, please describe | |
| Legal treatment access: Non-EU migrants who are undocumented | No |
| If yes but exceptions, please describe | |
| Further comments | HIV testing and treatment is free for Oralmen, or "returnee". The term "returnee" is by Kazakh authorities defined as ethnic Kazakhs who have immigrated to Kazakhstan in 1991. Oralman usually come from neighbouring countries of china, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Russia and Kyrgyzstan |
| About this data | |
| Last minor revision | 8 July 2016 |
| Last major revision | 6 December 2016 |
| Published | 19 January 2017 |
| Data sources | As well as responses from in-country individuals information was taken from the follwing sources:http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/aids/Pages/monitoring-dublin-declaration.aspx Sex Work Laws These included https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_by_country#Europe The Global Network of Sex Work Projects www.nswp.org and country sources and http://sexualrightsdatabase.org/map/21/Adult%20sex%20work and http://spl.ids.ac.uk/sexworklaw Drug use Needle exchange information was taken from Harm Reduction International who have an interactive tool https://www.hri.global/global-state-of-harm-reduction Criminal Law http://criminalisation.gnpplus.net has useful info about the criminal law and is searchable by country as well as http://www.hivjustice.net/site/countries/ MSM http://ilga.org/what-we-do/state-sponsored-homophobia-report/ (2016) |
| Data contacts | Responses were
received from committee of PLHIV community in Kazachstan. |